Carlo's death
As I have underscored in preceding texts -which I will cite and follow up- the photos and videos we possess regarding this attack highlight some incontrovertible and somewhat disquieting facts, though they do not solve all our doubts.
We possess various videos of the attack as well as the photos which are presented above,

a. Ricci's video broadcast by RAI
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b. An amateur video which shows the moment when the fire extinguisher is thrown at the jeep.
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c. A TG5 video shot facing the church.
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d. A TG5 video shot from via Caffa.
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I will now try to highlight what one can gather from these films.

a. The whole attack lasts about 27 seconds, a very short space of time and one which is too brief to justify the carabinieri's alleged fear that they were in such a dangerous situation that they were compelled to shoot.

b. The jeep is attacked on the right-hand side by two individuals handling a wooden plank and a metal pole, respectively, whilst a few demonstrators wielding stones are visible behind the jeep. The police does not intervene to stop those attacking the jeep from the right.
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The man holding the plank has testified that nothing disturbed or impeded their attack. (link ad audio Monai).

c. A foot wearing a military boot is thrust out of the rear window of the jeep twice and is visible for quite a while, on the left-hand side, as it moves around. When he was questioned by the judiciary, Placanica declared that his foot was seized by the demonstrators, who allegedly tried to drag him out of the jeep. This is false, as from the videos it is obvious that no demonstrator was anywhere near the jeep and nobody touched the foot which was sticking out of the window.
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d. In a couple of frames in Ricci's video one can see a strange white flash rather like a small cloud of spray coming out of the jeep. Did the carabinieri use stinging spray to defend themselves from the first assault? And why, as this proved to be an effective strategy, did they then use firearms?

What is certain is that in the following days at least one newspaper ("Il Gazzettino") claimed that the carabinieri had used stinging gas in the first phase of the events.

ee. A demonstrator wearing a blue waterproof jacket and a yellow helmet picks up a fire extinguisher lying next to the jeep's rear left wheel and throws it towards the rear window. The extinguisher is thrown sideways and from a far smaller distance than the one from which Carlo would subsequently attempt to throw it. However, because of the limited dimensions of the window, it does not enter the jeep. From the videos, in fact, one can see that the fire extinguisher bounces on the side of the jeep (and maybe against the foot, which is still sticking out of the window), is blocked by the spare wheel and then rolls onto the floor, possibly aided by a kick from the foot, which then disappears into the jeep again.
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At this point one thing must be underscored clearly, as even in serious analyses like the one carried out by Misteri d'Italia the thesis according to which the extinguisher was thrown from the jeep continues to be upheld. The material we have analysed all suggests that this is false. The extinguisher is on the ground next to the jeep's rear left wheel -what is rather sadly ironic is that it is more or less exactly where it will roll after Carlo is hit. Where did the fire extinguisher come from? Both hypotheses are equally valid: that the fire extinguisher was used by those inside the jeep to break the rear window or that it was already lying on the ground, where it had been abandoned by a demonstrator. However, when the two jeeps reverse one can clearly see the rubbish bin but not the extinguisher, so that it is quite plausible that the fire extinguisher only appeared when the two jeeps got in each other's way. What is certain, as one can see from this photo,(frame a 00/estintoreCC è is that on the 20th July, in Genoa, almost everyone handled fire extinguishers, from the demonstrators to the carabinieri, even though the jeep did have an extinguisher on board. It is also clear that the extinguisher was empty, and it is highly probable that those inside the jeep were well aware of this fact after the extinguisher bounced against the vehicle and maybe against one of the passengers' feet after it was thrown the first time. The carabinieri also plausibly realised that the hurling of an extinguisher against them was not likely to cause them serious harm.

f) Carlo Giuliani was amongst the last to arrive near the jeep.

g) The pistol sticking out of the jeep was already ready to fire and aimed at the demonstrators before Carlo Giuliani picked up the famous extinguisher. The pictures we received from Radio Sherwood all highlight this fact. In one photo the carabiniere charges his weapon; l'arma ,
in another he is aiming it whilst holding it sideways with both hands, as though he were losing his balance. .

During the first few seconds the pistol is balanced on the man's knee and it is aimed out of the jeep, towards a young man wearing a grey sweater who runs away as soon as he sees it, stumbling on something (probably the fire extinguisher which Carlo Giuliani will subsequently pick up and which is on the ground near the jeep). The whole scene is clearly visible in one of the videos.

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At this point one can hear a calm, measured voice which says: "I'll kill the lot of you". This probably takes place after the shots have been fired, but the video has clearly been manipulated and the sequences changed.
ascolta

A witness to the whole scene affirms that they also heard the threats being yelled from the jeep: "When the jeep crashed into the rubbish bin, it was pretty obvious that people would surround it. But the carabiniere had his pistol aimed at us for quite a while, with his foot on the broken window and a shield in his left hand. He was holding the pistol with his right hand and kept it there for at least two minutes. He was yelling: 'I'll kill the lot of you, Communist pigs!'".

h) Many others amongst the demonstrators saw the pistol as well as the man with the grey sweater, so much so that those who were attacking the jeep on the right-hand side appear to be pausing in their attack. Monai [the man wielding the plank] turnes round as though he'd just heard someone warning him from behind.

i) The jeep seems to be abandoned to its fate by the colleagues of those within it, even though there were many policemen and carabinieri who were only a few yards away as well as those who fled, chased by the demonstrators, and disappeared behind the jeep (as one can see from the RAI video), and who were also very near. This fact is all the more interesting if one analyses the scene from the point of view of the video shot from via Caffa.
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j) Carlo's distance from the Defender is much greater than what one can imagine from the famous photo taken by Reuter photographer Dylan Martinez,
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in which the camera's lens clearly deforms our perception of the actual distance. As one can see from the RaiNetNews picture taken by Marco D'Auria, which was taken at the same moment as the other photo (or immediately afterwards), Giuliani is actually quite far away from the jeep. We can affirm that the photos were taken almost at the same moment, if from a different angle, because the demonstrators surrounding the jeep (such as the man wearing the grey hood) are in the same position, as is the extinguisher held by Carlo. As a Defender is 3.99 metres long, we can suggest that Carlo is at a distance of about 3.5 metres from the jeep. The reconstruction of the events carried out by the forensic experts nominated by the judiciary on the 21st April 2002 seems to confirm this theory (which is upheld by the experts collaborating with the Giuliani family's lawyers), because, if Carlo's starting point was just over 3 metres from the jeep, it is hard to believe that such a small, thin individual could have covered a distance of over 1.5 metres with one or two steps (if Carlo actually took those running steps towards the jeep in the first place). Whoever shot was also inside the jeep, from where the shot was subsequently fired (the empty cartridge case was found in the vehicle's boot), and this increases the distance between him and Carlo. But there are other interesting facts...

k) Carlo only manages to lift the extinguisher before he is hit. This is evident from at least two films, no.s C and D; in particular, the one shot from via Caffa shows Carlo raising the extinguisher and rotating it to bring it to a point where it is parallel to his shoulders. The extinguisher then rotates once again, at right angles to the first rotation, and disappears.
The other video, even though it is less clear, also seems to confirm this.
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Carlo was shot just after he lifted the fire extinguisher, and before he could take more than one step. He was also at a far greater distance than the one from which the man with the blue waterproof jacket had hurled the extinguisher the first time - and when the extinguisher actually hit the car. It was thus basically impossible that the extinguisher thrown horizontally by Carlo could have hit the rear window of the jeep, contrary to the first time it was thrown, but nobody shot the man with the blue jacket.
One must also underscore the fact that reliable sources have affirmed that the judges looking into the case possess a video which shows the exact moment when Carlo threw the extinguisher. What this video highlights is that Carlo lifted the extinguisher and then leaned backwards in the position people usually have when they are about to throw large objects. Therefore, Carlo attempted to hurl the extinguisher whilst standing still, or he wouldn't have moved his arms so that the extinguisher was behind his shoulders. If he had tried to run towards the Defender he would have kept the extinguisher over his head so as not to lose his balance, and not behind it - something he would have done afterwards, when he was ready to throw it. Also, why should Carlo, who, like everyone else, had certainly seen the pistol aimed at the crowd, have decided to run towards a loaded gun? The extinguisher could not have protected him from the bullets; thus the idea that Carlo was about to run towards the jeep appears to be flawed from a logical point of view, if nothing else. Finally, at that precise moment there were no other people attacking the jeep from the rear.

Why, then, were shots fired against a man who was standing still and was attempting to hurl something from a rather improbable distance? What kind of an "imminent danger" does an empty fire extinguisher thrown from a distance of about 3 metres represent for a man inside a jeep?

l) The question which springs to mind at this point is: how long after the RaiNetNews photo was taken was Carlo Giuliani shot? With adequate digital instruments the precise moment could easily be identified, but one can obtain important results with non-professional tools as well. I have analysed and super-imposed the RAI video and the RaiNetNews photo.

Print the RaiNetNews photo.

Look at the RAI video first. The fact that the photo is taken almost exactly from the same spot where the video is shot is helpful. We will take three moving objects as reference points to compare the two images: the right arm of the man with the red T-shirt, the right leg of the woman whose back is turned towards us and who is carrying a small rucksack and the right leg of the man with the light blue helmet who is throwing a stone at the carabinieri (who are not visible). If we synchronise these three reference points in both images we can obtain the frame in the film which corresponds to the precise moment when the photo was taken. If we then identify the flash of the shot in the film we can use a timer to work out exactly how many seconds passed between the moment when the photo was taken (and Carlo was at a distance of about 3.5 metres) and the shot. Immediately after the frame we established was the moment when the photo was taken one can clearly see the blaze left by the bullet as it left the vehicle.

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This is the shot. Our timer reads: 38 hundredths of a second. This is a cautious estimate and the actual time is probably less than that. Luciano Di Cocco suggests that "only the best marksmen in the world decide to shoot and actually press the trigger, so that the lock hits the detonator, in less than 2 tenths of a second. Thus to all effects the photo represents the moment when the decision to shoot -be it conscious or unconscious - was taken." Another important fact, which confirms the hypothesis according to which the photo catches the precise moment when the shot was fired, is that to shoot the first bullet using an automatic pistol like the one used by the carabinieri one must exert a force which is equivalent to a weight of 5 kilos. This means that it is quite probable that the carabiniere pressed the trigger when Carlo was too far away for the invocation of a "legitimate defence" to appear even remotely plausible.

m) After roughly 1 second and 9 tenths of a second the carabiniere shoots again. Who was he firing at and why, seeing as after the first shot everyone ran away, as one can see from the films and photos?

What appears to be certain is that a space of time of almost 2 seconds is too great to corroborate Placanica's thesis according to which he shot repeatedly in a state of panic, pressing blindly against the trigger. This is what he declared when he was first interrogated by the judiciary.
Verbale Placanica

Giuliani, in fact, was already on the ground near the jeep with his useless extinguisher and was no longer dangerous. . Was this second shot fired before or after the jeep managed to move away from the bin - if it had ever actually been stuck against it? With a disquieting timing, the jeep moved away from the bin after the two shots were fired and passed over Carlo's dying body twice before finding refuge amongst the policemen who were standing nearby. The results of the re-enactment of the events carried out on the 21st April 2002 partly solve the mystery. The second shot left traces on the wall of the church, at a height of about 6-7 metres. The second shot was thus fired into the air. Why did the carabiniere fire the second bullet into the air if he'd already hit Carlo with the first one, if not to forge an alibi according to which he could subsequently affirm that he had shot into the air first and then at Carlo? The problem is that, according to the experts, the second shot would have to have been shot from a greater distance to reach that height. Finally, if one analyses the video carefully one can note that the pistol sticks out of the left-hand side of the jeep and is basically parallel to the ground and perpendicular to the vehicle; all this makes it hard to believe that the traces found on the wall of the church correspond to those left by the second bullet.
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n) The jeep moves immediately after the second shot and in doing so it passes over Carlo's body twice.
However, we can be more precise. Elena Giuliani affirms that "in a video we have received one can see the exact moment the shot is fired; the operator is frightened by the shot and lowers the camera, but the timer does not stop. When the lens focuses on the square again the Defender is no longer there and the timer indicates that 7 seconds have passed. 7 seconds from the first shot. Slightly more than 1.5 seconds separate the first shot from the second. After the second shot the driver thus turns on a diesel engine (he subsequently declared that the engine had cut), reverses over Carlo's body once, inserts the first gear, passes over Carlo again and then escapes; all this allegedly occurs in 5 seconds and a half." Not bad for a vehicle which had been blocked by a bin up till then...

o) Immediately after the jeep disappears a crowd of people surrounds Carlo. They are demonstrators who try to help him.

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Some of them try to move the body by dragging him by a leg and causing a number of objects to fall from his trouser pockets.

Teargas immediately starts to fall on the demonstrators. Why were teargas canisters not fired by the police beforehand to frighten away the crowd attacking a jeep which contained a number of their colleagues? The demonstrators escape, but the police chasing them on foot pass over Carlo's body without stopping to do anything more than look at him. None of them do anything to help him and they do not even seem to care whether he is dead or alive.
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In an unpublished text Elena Giuliani writes: "How much time passes before any form of medical aid arrives on the scene? How could the police know that Carlo had no chances of surviving? When the first paramedics arrive, Genoa Social Forum paramedics, Carlo's heart is still beating. When the Defender passes over Carlo's body twice, his heart is still beating. When Carlo is surrounded by the police, his heart is still beating. When the GSF paramedics arrive, having been called by the demonstrators, his heart is still beating, so much so that they try to revive him. The paramedics take Carlo's balaclava off and notice something strange: there is a wound on his forehead which is not bleeding, and which is thus the result of a blow delivered after his death."

Haidi Giuliani also talks about the blows Carlo received after his death in an interview she gave us,, whilst in Francesca Comencini's film about Carlo's last day Carlo's mother Haidi actually refers to some cigarette burns on her son's arms. If this is true those who were supposed to be in charge of public order in that square have nothing to be proud of.

But even without these testimonies another series of questions lies unanswered. Why, if the carabiniere had managed to frighten off the demonstrators simply by waving his pistol around, did he decide to shoot at a man who was still quite far away from him? How probable is it to actually hit someone in the head from that distance, and in those conditions, without aiming? Why didn't Placanica shoot into the air, given the distance separating Carlo from the jeep?
I hope the judiciary inquiry answers the following questions as well: firstly, why did Carlo pick up the fire extinguisher whilst many others (basically all those who saw the pistol) escaped? Didn't he see the pistol? Maybe, but even if he hadn't seen it someone was clearly yelling to watch out, as even the two individuals assaulting the jeep from the right interrupted their attack...Finally, Carlo's position when he picks the extinguisher up makes one think that he was lifting his head up to look at something. The pistol held by the carabiniere?
Is it so improbable that Carlo noticed that the carabiniere was about to shoot and that he picked up the extinguisher in an attempt to throw it against the latter to stop him firing at the people fleeing, to protect himself and the rest of the demonstrators?

Preamble	Before the shot: the police charge	The flight
Carlo's death	Who was on the jeep	What happens on the jeep
The armoured vehicle in via Torino	Cavataio's responsibilities	Placanica, the man without a face
Placanica in hospital	Carlo's body and the autopsy	But this is not everything.